Primary contaminants: primary contaminants are substances which are directly released into air from sources. The important primary contaminants which are hazardous in high amount are as follows:.
Secondary contaminants or pollutants: secondary contaminants or pollutants are not directly released from sources but instead of this, they are formed in atmosphere from primary contaminants and secondary pollutants are also called as precursors. The important secondary contaminants which are hazardous in high amount are as follows:. From the last few decades, air pollution has been controlled all over the world through laws and regulations.
Some of them are as follows:. The categories of air pollution and their trends are as follows:. Now, let us know about criteria pollution in detail as it has few trends to explain. Criteria contaminants regulated by United States- Environmental Protection Agency and many countries are as below:.
The following figure explains about concentrations of criteria pollutants:. Fig1: concentrations of criteria pollutants. The below diagram explains about major sources of air pollution. The diagram is as below:. Fig2: major sources of air pollution. Air pollution causes some health effects and those health effects are as follows:.
Along with the health effects, it also causes distinct environmental effects and those are as follows:. Unfortunately, the simple operations and activities that people need to perform for other people to live, work, and breathe in society these days almost always contribute to air pollution. Because of this, it is unlikely that it is possible for all pollutants to ever be eliminated from the air.
Therefore, it would be more beneficial for society as a whole to concentrate on reducing the amount of pollution in the air, instead of eliminating it altogether. Highly dangerous to society, greenhouse gases and chemicals have two basic sources. The first is a natural greenhouse effect, which is caused from naturally occurring activities that no one can control.
The second source comes from things humans are doing to cause the gases and chemicals, including destroying the ozone layer through the use of certain products which contain CFCs. When fossil fuels are burned, it contributes greatly to the greenhouse gases found in the atmosphere, and these gases include methane and carbon dioxide, among others.
Of course, another negative result of all this is that the earth is getting a lot warmer, a phenomenon known as climate change or global warming. Although many people think all of this makes the entire climate warmer, the truth is that it can also produce extreme changes in temperature, which means if it gets colder than usual during the winter months, this could possibly be caused by climate change. Put simply, VOCs are greenhouse gases that are extremely dangerous to the environment, and many of the most common diseases and illnesses caused by air pollution are a direct result of these gases.
VOCs are dangerous and include a lot of miscellaneous chemicals that are small but lethal and which cannot be classified in other categories. According to many experts, pollution that comes from particles is the most common type of air pollution nowadays. This usually means that the very small, sometimes almost invisible particles in the air can amass into dangerous particles and pollute the air.
The way people live their lives contributes to these particles developing, so, according to some people, there is little anyone can do about them. The particles can come from anywhere, and they are made up of items such as:. Particles from these and other sources can be many different sizes, but most of them are quite minute.
Oddly enough, the biggest source of particles that cause air pollution is the second item listed above: the use of fireplaces and wood stoves. Sulfur dioxide is produced when burning sulfur in the air, and although it is a colorless product, it has a very pungent, unpleasant odor and is very toxic.
It can also be produced by volcanic eruptions, and even by the burning of fossil fuels, and it is dangerous to the environment and to people. Bad odors are not just unpleasant, they are potentially dangerous as well. After all, everyone is used to experiencing some type of unpleasant odors throughout the day, but if you are constantly sick, especially with upper respiratory problems, it could be the odors are getting into your lungs and wreaking havoc on your body.
These odors can result in everything from minor coughing to headaches and even damage to unborn children. Neighborhoods that keep their premises clean and sanitary have fewer problems with illnesses due to these odors, but unfortunately, those living below the poverty line are usually the most affected with these types of problems.
Again, ammonia is extremely dangerous, pungent, and it smells awful. There are terrestrial organisms that feed on ammonia, but ammonia is extremely dangerous to both these organisms and human beings. Because of the way people now live, carbon monoxide is produced in great quantities, and one of its biggest disadvantages is the fact that it is odorless, tasteless, and clear.
In fact, companies often add an odor to this product so that you will know it is being emitted, making it a lot easier to do something about it. Greenhouse gases come mostly from the burning of fossil fuels, and, in fact, many experts feel that climate change is the number-one problem when it comes to pollution in the air. Fortunately, people can do something about it if they band together. VOCs come in various states, and some of the most dangerous ones include 3-butadiene and hydrocarbon VOCs.
First of all, particles under this group of pollutants are made up of two main products, liquids and solids. Ashes make up most of the liquid particles, and most of this ash is the result of burning items such as coal, chemicals found in the air from various sources, and even exhaust fumes from diesel engines. All vehicles, including commuter buses, wheel vehicles, and even large trucks used for commercial uses tend to emit ashes and fumes, which wreaks havoc on the environment and causes large amounts of air pollution.
Pollution that produces particles also includes items that burn coal. Believe it or not, there are numerous chemical plants and heaters for both domestic and commercial use that still burn coal. Even though most governments are trying to reduce the use of coal because it is not a sustainable fuel source, there is still a lot of work that needs to be done.
0コメント